A widely adopted standard protocol for wired local area networks (LANs) that facilitates the interconnection of computers, routers, switches, and other devices. Ethernet enables data transmission over twisted pair copper cables (Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 7) or fiber optic cables and has become the prevailing standard for networked communication in LAN environments. Most Ethernet connections utilize the RJ-45 connector, a rectangular interface with eight pin locations.
Over the years, Ethernet speeds have increased. Commonly used rates include 10 Mbps (10BASE-T), 100 Mbps (Fast Ethernet or 100BASE-TX), 1 Gbps (Gigabit Ethernet or 1000BASE-T), 10 Gbps (10GBASE-T), with even faster variants available.